Newton's First Law: Force and Inertia
When a bus brakes hard, you lurch forward. What pushed you?
Newton's Second Law: F = ma
The same engine force drives an empty van and a loaded van. How much sooner does the empty one reach 20 m/s?
Weight, Normal Force and Free-Body Diagrams
Why does a bathroom scale in a lift read more as the lift starts going up?
Newton's Third Law
A horse pulls a cart, and the cart pulls back on the horse just as hard. So how does anything move?
Friction on a Slope
A box sits still on a gentle ramp. How steep can the ramp get before it slides?
Terminal Velocity
Why does a skydiver stop speeding up?
Projectiles with Air Resistance
Why does a real football land short of the 45° prediction?
Hooke's Law: Springs
A luggage scale is just a spring. How does it turn the weight of your bag into a number?
Momentum and Impulse
Why does an airbag save a driver who stops from the same speed either way?
Conservation of Momentum
Two skaters stand still and push off each other. Who moves faster, and how much faster?
Collisions in Two Dimensions
Two pucks collide at an angle. Where do they go?
Moments: the Principle of Moments
Where must a 30 kg child sit to balance a 75 kg parent on a seesaw?
Equilibrium and Centre of Mass
A painter walks along a plank resting on two supports. How far can she go before it tips?
Ladders and Hinged Beams
Why doesn't a ladder against a wall slip — and when does it?
Toppling or Sliding
Push a tall box along the floor. Does it slide first or topple first?
Circular Motion
Why doesn't the water fall out of a bucket swung over your head?
Banked Curves
Why are fast motorway bends and velodromes tilted?
Torque and Moment of Inertia
A door opens easily at the handle but hardly moves when pushed near the hinge. What decides how quickly it swings?
Angular Momentum
Why does a figure skater spin faster when she pulls her arms in?
Gravitation and Orbits
Why doesn't the Moon fall down onto the Earth?
Kepler's Laws
How long is a year on Mars?